CEH™ Index
NVIDIA B200·S·1.07×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.009/M grid · $0.004/M BTM NVIDIA H200·A·2.21×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.019/M grid · $0.008/M BTM Google TPU v4·A·2.63×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.022/M grid · $0.009/M BTM NVIDIA H100 SXM·A·3.18×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.027/M grid · $0.011/M BTM NVIDIA L40S·B·5.43×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.046/M grid · $0.019/M BTM AMD MI300X·B·6.11×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.052/M grid · $0.021/M BTM NVIDIA A100 SXM·C·8.92×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.076/M grid · $0.031/M BTM NVIDIA B200·S·1.07×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.009/M grid · $0.004/M BTM NVIDIA H200·A·2.21×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.019/M grid · $0.008/M BTM Google TPU v4·A·2.63×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.022/M grid · $0.009/M BTM NVIDIA H100 SXM·A·3.18×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.027/M grid · $0.011/M BTM NVIDIA L40S·B·5.43×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.046/M grid · $0.019/M BTM AMD MI300X·B·6.11×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.052/M grid · $0.021/M BTM NVIDIA A100 SXM·C·8.92×10⁻¹⁰ kWh/tok·$0.076/M grid · $0.031/M BTM
Oak Ridge Management · Atlanta, Georgia · v1.0 · April 21, 2026 · Active Standard

AI Infrastructure
Standard

CEH™ (Compute Energy Hour) — the independent, auditable unit for measuring how efficiently energy is converted into compute output. Energy-agnostic. Reproducible. Open for industry validation.

CEH™ Standard
CEH™ Formula
CEH™ = ( TDP_W × Units × Util% × PUE ) ÷ 1,000 ÷ Output_Units/hr   |   CEH™ Cost = CEH™ × $/kWh (any energy source)   |   CEH™ Carbon = CEH™ × kg CO₂/kWh
CEH™ (Compute Energy Hour) is a trademark of Oak Ridge Management. v1.0 first published April 21, 2026. Full derivation: Methodology ↗
CEH™ Index Preview · LLM Inference · Top 5
# Hardware CEH Rate (kWh/token) Grid $/M Tokens BTM $/M Tokens Grade
1 NVIDIA B200 Blackwell · 2025 NEW 1.07 × 10⁻¹⁰ $0.009 $0.004 S
2 NVIDIA H200 Hopper · 2024 NEW 2.21 × 10⁻¹⁰ $0.019 $0.008 A
3 Google TPU v4 Google · 2023 2.63 × 10⁻¹⁰ $0.022 $0.009 A
4 NVIDIA H100 SXM Hopper · 2023 3.18 × 10⁻¹⁰ $0.027 $0.011 A
5 NVIDIA L40S Ada Lovelace · 2023 BTM ADVANTAGE 5.43 × 10⁻¹⁰ $0.046 $0.019 B
S
Exceptional
< 2.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
A
Excellent
2.0 – 4.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
B
Good
4.0 – 8.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
C
Marginal
8.0 – 15.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
D
Poor
15.0 – 30.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
F
Unacceptable
> 30.0 × 10⁻¹⁰
Understanding CEH™

What CEH™ Is

+ An auditable, reproducible standard unit: kWh of energy consumed per output unit of compute work
+ Energy-agnostic — the formula applies identically to grid power, BTM generation, nuclear, or any source
+ Workload-portable across LLM inference, model training, HPC simulation, and rendering via Compute Output Unit (COU) definitions
+ A published, versioned, dated standard — v1.0 first published April 21, 2026 by Oak Ridge Management
+ Open for independent replication, co-publication, and third-party validation

What CEH™ Is Not

Not a product, tool, or service — CEH™ is a measurement standard, like PUE for facilities or MLPerf for ML performance
Not specific to "renewable" or "solar" compute — CEH™ is energy-source agnostic by design
Not an investment product — Oak Ridge Management's capital activities are separate from and do not constitute the CEH™ standard
Not a closed or proprietary standard — methodology is publicly disclosed and open to challenge and replication
Not finalized — the standard invites industry comment, co-publication, and formal submission to recognized standards bodies
Formal Citation
How to cite CEH™ v1.0 Cobb, D. (2026). CEH™: A Proposed Standard Unit of Measurement for Compute Energy Intensity. DGE&I / Oak Ridge Management. First published April 21, 2026. arXiv: [pending submission]. Available at: oakridgemanagement.net/standard